Sexual selection is a theory in evolutionary biology that explains how certain traits or behaviors in organisms evolve due to their ability to increase an individual's chances of mating and passing on their genes to the next generation. This type of selection often leads to the development of elaborate courtship displays, physical traits, or behaviors that help individuals attract and compete for mates. Examples of sexual selection mechanisms include mate choice, competition between members of the same sex, and the development of exaggerated sexual characteristics. The study of sexual selection is important for understanding the evolution of mating strategies, reproductive success, and the diversity of traits seen in sexually reproducing species.